ABSTRACT

This article is to study that how Premchand described the reality of society which negatively understands women through Jhuniyā's life sacrificed by the early marriage and the prohibition of widow's remarriage and the individual desire to be free from this situation. Free love between Jhuniyā and Gobar was not achieved compulsorily by man. It was spontaneous by woman's physical instinct. Jhuniyā's gush of instinctive love and lust and trials for a remarriage are Indian women's starting of a provocative adventure. Falling in love with each other chosen by themselves reflects new value with collapsing traditional hierarchy. Jhuniyā's love becomes a target of social aggression because it seemed as a defiant action against existing social hierarchy. Jhuniyā suffered from moral feelings of guilt. Horī and Dhaniyā who allowed an unfaithful widow had to take the responsibility for disgracing their family. Therefore, we can catch that the reason why they had been punished severely is contradiction of distorted real society because they are opposed to social central force which wanted to preserve the traditional order. A widow Jhuniyā's affection has a meaning as an offending against the family and social order. However, Jhuniyā's daring action reflected the daring decision to escape an existing common idea and take back her lost voice. Jhuniyā had got a sense of independence about life by recovering from sadness of the early marriage. Through the good offices of Gobar family, she grew to have hope to overcome the reality by herself as well. And she moved to a city, it means that she wanted to escape strict family system and premodern social order. Finally, in this story, Premchand touches on the widow's remarriage. This is chosen by writer's intention focusing on expression of individuals' will and recovery of humanity against the remodern family order and contradictory society. He had a critical thought and wrote a story about women's feature as living impersonal life and the processes of overcoming this and establishing for women's identity.

KEYWORD

Premchand, 『Godān』, Indian Woman, Widow's Remarriage

REFERENCES(12)open

  1. [book] Bhaṭnāgar, Mahendra / 1982 / Samasyāmūlak Upanyāskār Premchand / Gyānbhāratī

  2. [book] Gupta, Śīlā / 1972 / Premchand aur Unkā Sāhitya / Sāhitya Bhavan.

  3. [book] Khanna, Trilokīnāth / 1985 / Godān: Sanracnātmak Viśleṣaṇ / K.L. Pacaurī Prakāśan

  4. [book] Madān, Indrnātha / 1989 / Premchand: Ek Vivechan / Rādhākṛṣṇ

  5. [book] Prasād, Saroj / 1972 / Premchand ke Upanyāson mem Samsāmyik Paristhitiyon kā Pratiphalan / Racnā Prakāśan

  6. [book] Premchand / 2004 / Godān / Vāṇī Prakāśan

  7. [book] Rahabar, Hansrāj / 1962 / Premchand: Jīvan, Kalā aur KRititva / Ātmārāma enD Sans

  8. [book] Singh, M.M.P / 2006 / Vigat Mahattā aur Vartmān Arthvattā / Rāj Kamal Prakāśan

  9. [book] Sinhā, Indramohan Kumār / 1974 / Premchand Yugīn Bhāratīya Samāj / Bihār Hindī Granth Akādmī

  10. [book] Śrīvāstava, Ramāśankara / 1984 / Godān kī Manobhūmi / Bhāṣā-Sāhitya-Sansthan

  11. [book] Vājpeyī, Nanddulāre / 2000 / Premchand: Sāhityik Vivecan / Rāj Kamal Prakāśan

  12. [book] Vimlā, M / 2003 / Premchand ke Upanyāson mem Citrit Samasyāen / Jaybhāratī Prakāśan